Developing an Image Viewer with File List Integration from Go to Tk
In the previous post, we briefly examined the CGo-Free Tcl/Tk library. This time, we will apply the previous example to create an image viewer.
Image Viewer Plan
- The image display from the last session lacked an image deletion feature, causing the window size to be insufficient as more images were loaded. Let us delete unused labels.
- If multiple images are to be listed in the image display, let us create a list.
- It is preferable to load multiple images simultaneously.
- Let us also implement the functionality to remove images that are not to be viewed from the list.
- Let us create a function to select and view a specific image from multiple images.
Modified Tcl/Tk 9.0 Library
The existing library has an inadequate Listbox implementation, making it difficult to display an image list. Let us download the modified library. If Git CLI is not installed, you can download it as a tarball or zip file.
1git clone https://github.com/gg582/tk9.0
First, let us examine some of the added features.
Before examining the new functions, let us briefly understand the structure of the existing functions through the Destroy function on line 1017 of tk.go.
1func Destroy(options ...Opt) {
2 evalErr(fmt.Sprintf("destroy %s", collect(options...)))
3}
This function is implemented by passing an operation in Tcl script format to the evalErr function. This means that to implement a desired feature, one only needs to pass commands in the format of the corresponding Tcl script.
As an example, let us implement a method to add an item to a listbox.
First, for Tcl scripting, let us examine the insert command from the official manual's available listbox commands.
According to the insert command's description page, insert inserts listed items at a specific index.
Therefore, to implement this, one can write code similar to the following:
1func (l *ListboxWidget) AddItem(index int, items string) {
2 evalErr(fmt.Sprintf("%s insert %d %s", l.fpath, index, items))
3}
Now that we understand the approximate implementation principle, let us explain the additional features for Listbox.
List: Insertion/Deletion
1package main
2import . "modernc.org/tk9.0"
3
4func main() {
5 length := 3
6 l := Listbox()
7 l.AddItem(0, "item1 item2 item3")
8 b1 := TButton(Txt("Delete Multiple Items, index (0-1)"), Command( func(){
9 if length >= 2 {
10 l.DeleteItems(0,1)
11 length-=2
12 }
13 }))
14 b2 := TButton(Txt("Delete One Item, index (0)"), Command( func () {
15 if length > 0 {
16 l.DeleteOne(0)
17 length-=1
18 }
19 }))
20 Pack(TExit(),l,b1,b2)
21 App.Wait()
22}
23
In the program above, AddItem sequentially inserts distinct items, separated by spaces, starting from index 0.
"item1 item2 item3" will have indices 0, 1, and 2 respectively.
Run the example to understand how item deletion works.
List: Retrieving Selected Items
Now, let us retrieve and verify the selected items from the Listbox.
1package main
2
3import . "modernc.org/tk9.0"
4
5func main() {
6 l := Listbox()
7 l.SelectMode("multiple")
8 l.AddItem(0, "item1 item2 item3")
9 btn := TButton(Txt("Print Selected"), Command( func() {
10 sel := l.Selected()
11 for _, i := range sel {
12 println(l.GetOne(i))
13 }
14 }))
15
16 Pack(TExit(), l, btn)
17 App.Wait()
18}
The Selected method retrieves the indices of all currently selected items in the Listbox.
The GetOne method retrieves the value of the item corresponding to the given index.
This can be observed from the output printed to the console.
Note that the similar method, Get, accepts a start and end index and retrieves the values of all items within that range.
Next, let us change the color of the listbox.
First, let us examine the example below.
1package main
2
3import . "modernc.org/tk9.0"
4
5func main() {
6 l := Listbox()
7 l.Background("blue")
8 l.Foreground("yellow")
9 l.SelectBackground("black")
10 l.SelectForeground("white")
11 l.Height(20)
12 l.Width(6)
13 l.AddItem(0, "item1 item2 item3")
14 l.ItemForeground(0,"red")
15 l.ItemBackground(0,"green")
16 l.ItemSelectBackground(0,"white")
17 l.ItemSelectForeground(0,"black")
18 l.Relief("ridged")
19 Pack(TExit(),l)
20 App.Wait()
21}
As written in the code above, the height has increased. Also, it can be seen that the colors have been applied correctly. Here, a specific option for different colors for certain items has been set, so it can be observed that only the first line has a different color applied.
Additionally, although there is no significant difference, using the Relief method allows changing the widget border style among flat, groove, raise, ridge, solid, and sunken.
Image Viewer Example
Now, let us create an image viewer using the widgets learned previously. The example program is as follows:
1package main
2
3import (
4 "fmt"
5 "log"
6 "os"
7 "runtime"
8 "strings"
9 "path"
10
11 . "modernc.org/tk9.0"
12)
13
14var pbuttons []*TButtonWidget
15var extensions []FileType
16var pbutton *TButtonWidget = nil
17var listbox, listbox2 *ListboxWidget
18var cur *LabelWidget = nil
19var imagesLoaded []*LabelWidget
20func PhotoName(fileName string) string {
21 fileName = path.Base(fileName)
22 return fileName[:len(fileName)-len(path.Ext(fileName))]
23}
24
25func handleFileOpen() {
26 res := GetOpenFile(Multiple(true),Filetypes(extensions)) // Activates multi-selection and turns on the filter.
27 s := make([]string,0,1000)
28 for _, itm := range res {
29 if itm != "" {
30 tmp := strings.Split(itm," ")
31 s = append(s,tmp...)
32 }
33 }
34
35 for _, photo := range s {
36 formatCheck := strings.Split(photo, ".")
37 format := formatCheck[len(formatCheck)-1]
38
39 if (strings.Compare(format, "png") == 0) || (strings.Compare(format, "ico") == 0) {
40 picFile, err := os.Open(photo)
41 if err != nil {
42 log.Println("Error while opening photo, error is: ", err)
43 }
44
45 pictureRawData := make([]byte, 10000*10000)
46 picFile.Read(pictureRawData)
47
48 imageLabel := Label(Image(NewPhoto(Data(pictureRawData))))
49 imagesLoaded = append(imagesLoaded,imageLabel)
50 var deleteTestButton *TButtonWidget
51 deleteTestButton = TButton(
52 Txt("Unshow Image"),
53 Command(func() {
54 GridForget(imageLabel.Window)
55 GridForget(deleteTestButton.Window)
56 }))
57
58 pbuttons = append(pbuttons,deleteTestButton)
59
60 listbox.AddItem(len(imagesLoaded)-1,PhotoName(photo))
61 listbox2.AddItem(len(imagesLoaded)-1,PhotoName(photo))
62 picFile.Close()
63 }
64 }
65}
66
67func DeleteSelected () {
68 s:=listbox.Selected()
69 if len(s) == 0 {
70 return
71 }
72 for _, i := range s {
73 listbox.DeleteOne(i)
74 listbox2.DeleteOne(i)
75 if len(imagesLoaded)-1>i {
76 continue
77 }
78 if cur == imagesLoaded[i] {
79 pbutton = nil
80 cur = nil
81 }
82 Destroy(imagesLoaded[i])
83 Destroy(pbuttons[i])
84 imagesLoaded = append(imagesLoaded[:i],imagesLoaded[i+1:]...)
85 pbuttons = append(pbuttons[:i], pbuttons[i+1:]...)
86 }
87}
88
89func SelectImage() {
90 s:=listbox2.Selected()
91 if len(s) == 0 {
92 return
93 }
94
95 if len(imagesLoaded) -1 < s[0] {
96 return
97 }
98 if imagesLoaded[s[0]] == nil {
99 return
100 }
101 if cur != nil {
102 GridForget(cur.Window)
103 }
104 if pbutton != nil {
105 GridForget(pbutton.Window)
106 }
107
108 Grid(imagesLoaded[s[0]], Row(0), Column(2))
109 Grid(pbuttons[s[0]], Row(0), Column(3))
110 cur = imagesLoaded[s[0]]
111 pbutton = pbuttons[s[0]]
112}
113
114func SelectIndex(index int) {
115
116 if len(imagesLoaded) -1 <index {
117 return
118 }
119 if imagesLoaded[index] == nil {
120 return
121 }
122 if cur != nil {
123 GridForget(cur.Window)
124 }
125 if pbutton != nil {
126 GridForget(pbutton.Window)
127 }
128
129 Grid(imagesLoaded[index], Row(0), Column(2))
130 Grid(pbuttons[index], Row(0), Column(3))
131 cur = imagesLoaded[index]
132 pbutton = pbuttons[index]
133}
134
135func main() {
136 menubar := Menu()
137 //DefaultTheme("awdark","themes/awthemes-10.4.0")
138 // Specify the theme name and path if you wish to use a theme.
139 fileMenu := menubar.Menu()
140 extensions = make([]FileType,0,1)
141 extensions = append(extensions, FileType{ "Supported Images", []string {".png",".ico"}, "" } )
142 // Add png and ico to the filter.
143 fileMenu.AddCommand(Lbl("Open..."), Underline(0), Accelerator("Ctrl+O"), Command(func () {
144 handleFileOpen()
145 SelectIndex(len(imagesLoaded)-1)
146 } ))
147 Bind(App, "<Control-o>", Command(func() { fileMenu.Invoke(0) }))
148 fileMenu.AddCommand(Lbl("Exit"), Underline(1), Accelerator("Ctrl+Q"), ExitHandler())
149 Bind(App, "<Control-q>", Command(func() { fileMenu.Invoke(1) }))
150 menubar.AddCascade(Lbl("File"), Underline(0), Mnu(fileMenu))
151 imagesLoaded = make([]*LabelWidget, 0, 10000)
152 pbuttons = make([]*TButtonWidget,0,10000)
153 var scrollx, scroll, scroll2, scrollx2 *TScrollbarWidget
154 listbox = Listbox(Yscrollcommand(func(e *Event) { e.ScrollSet(scroll)}) , Xscrollcommand( func(e *Event) { e.ScrollSet(scrollx)}))
155 listbox2 = Listbox(Yscrollcommand(func(e *Event) { e.ScrollSet(scroll2)}), Xscrollcommand(func(e *Event) { e.ScrollSet(scrollx2)}))
156 listbox.SelectMode("multiple")
157 listbox2 = Listbox()
158 listbox.Background("white")
159 listbox.SelectBackground("blue")
160 listbox.SelectForeground("yellow")
161 listbox2.Background("grey")
162 listbox2.SelectBackground("green")
163 listbox2.SelectForeground("blue")
164 listbox2.SelectBackground("brown")
165 listbox.Height(5)
166 listbox.Width(4)
167 listbox2.Height(5)
168 listbox2.Width(4)
169 delBtn := Button(Txt("Delete"), Command(func () { DeleteSelected() }))
170 selBtn := Button(Txt("Select"), Command(func () { SelectImage() }))
171 scroll = TScrollbar(Command(func(e *Event) { e.Yview(listbox) }))
172 scrollx = TScrollbar(Orient("horizontal"),Command(func(e *Event) { e.Xview(listbox) }))
173 scroll2 = TScrollbar(Command(func(e *Event) { e.Yview(listbox2) }))
174 scrollx2 = TScrollbar(Orient("horizontal"),Command(func(e *Event) { e.Xview(listbox2) }))
175 Grid(listbox,Row(1),Column(0), Sticky("nes"))
176 Grid(scroll,Row(1),Column(1), Sticky("nes"))
177 Grid(scrollx,Row(2),Column(0), Sticky("nes"))
178 Grid(delBtn,Row(3),Column(0), Sticky("nes"))
179 Grid(listbox2,Row(1),Column(2), Sticky("nes"))
180 Grid(scroll2,Row(1),Column(3), Sticky("nes"))
181 Grid(scrollx2,Row(2),Column(2), Sticky("nes"))
182 Grid(selBtn,Row(3),Column(2), Sticky("nes"))
183 App.WmTitle(fmt.Sprintf("%s on %s", App.WmTitle(""), runtime.GOOS))
184 App.Configure(Mnu(menubar), Width("80c"), Height("60c")).Wait()
185}
186
In this example, to simplify the implementation, all image widgets are created in advance when loaded, and duplicate files are not checked.
One can improve the issues mentioned earlier, or try changing the theme using the commented-out DefaultTheme method.
We encourage you to practice by creating a new program that addresses these improvements.
Summary
In this article, we explored how command calls in the Go language's Tcl/Tk library operate and created an image viewer with an added listbox.
- Tcl/Tk library command invocation method
- How to use the listbox
- Modifying listbox widget properties
- Creating an image viewer
In this manner, we encourage you to attempt modifications to other libraries and create complete programs with the added functionalities.